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目的探讨颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者的新生血管超声造影特点。方法回顾性分析本院2014年12月2016年10月收治的77例颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者的临床资料,均实施超声造影检查。其中低回声斑组21例,等回声斑组20例,高回声斑组4例,混合回声斑组32例。结果 77例颈动脉粥样硬化斑块中有61例出现不同程度的新生血管强化现象,强化阳性率为79.22%(61/77),颈动脉粥样硬化斑块分级Ⅲ级占大多数(32.47%)。低回声斑组与混合回声斑组比较、等回声斑组和高回声斑组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);低回声斑与混合回声斑的AUC与PI统计结果均显著高于等回声斑和高回声斑,RT均显著低于等回声斑和高回声斑(均P<0.05)。造影强化程度分级越高,相应的斑块病理组织学新生血管形成数量越多,二者之间存在明显的正相关(r=0.857,P<0.05);PI越高,相应的斑块病理组织学新生血管形成数量也越多,二者之间存在明显正相关(r=0.913,P<0.05)。结论对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者实施超声造影检查,可以较好地掌握斑块内新生血管的特征,以更好地评估斑块易损性。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of neovascular contrast echocardiography in patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Methods The clinical data of 77 patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque admitted in our hospital from December 2014 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Among them, there were 21 cases of hypoechoic plaque, 20 cases of echogenic plaque, 4 cases of hyperechoic plaque and 32 cases of mixed echogenic plaque. Results Totally 61 cases of carotid atherosclerotic plaque appeared different degrees of neovascularization in 77 cases, the positive rate of enhancement was 79.22% (61/77) and the majority of carotid atherosclerotic plaques grade Ⅲ (32.47 %). There was no significant difference between the echogenic group and the hyperechoic group in the hypoechoic plaque group and the mixed echogenic plaque group (P> 0.05). The AUC and PI statistic results of hypoechoic and mixed echogenic spots were significantly higher And other echogenic and hyperechoic spots, RT were significantly lower than the other echo spots and hyperechoic spots (P <0.05). The higher the degree of contrast enhancement, the more the corresponding number of pathological histological neovascularization, there is a significant positive correlation (r = 0.857, P <0.05); the higher the PI, the corresponding plaque pathology There was a significant positive correlation between the number of new blood vessels and angiogenesis (r = 0.913, P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound contrast-enhanced imaging of patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque can better understand the characteristics of neovascularization in plaque to better assess plaque vulnerability.