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无形公共产品政府垄断是一个国际性问题,特别是当社会经济发展到有形公共产品可以由政府、社会贤达以及私人领域都能够竞争经营的时代,政府垄断的高成本弊端彰显无遗。时下,有形公共产品成本膨胀是影响社会经济发展的重要因素,对公众造成了较大的负担,也是当前分配领域中必须解决的重要问题。研究发现,现实的无形公共产品政府垄断是有形公共产品成本膨胀的根源,如何打破政府对无形公共产品的垄断,建立包括政府在内的多元竞争体制与机制,是降低有形公共产品成本基本前提。对此,必须在有形公共产品成本标准的基础上,深入分析有形公共产品与无形公共产品之间关系,依据有形公共产品标准,寻找现实的无形公共产品竞争条件,主要包括三个方面:一是政府应从垄断无形公共产品彻底过渡到采纳无形公共产品;二是制度化的引入无形公共产品的竞争机制;三是促使无形公共产品的竞争体制与机制发挥作用,实现公共资源配置的帕累托改善效应。
The government monopoly of intangible public goods is an international issue. Especially when the social economy is developing to a time when the tangible public goods can be operated by the government, the community, and the private sector, the high cost of government monopoly is clearly demonstrated. Nowadays, the expansion of the cost of tangible public goods is an important factor affecting the social and economic development, which has caused a heavy burden on the public and is also an important issue that must be solved in the current distribution field. The research shows that the government monopoly of intangible public goods is the source of the tangible public goods cost expansion. How to break the government monopoly on intangible public goods and establish a pluralistic competition system and mechanism including the government are the basic preconditions to reduce the tangible public goods cost. In this regard, the relationship between tangible public goods and intangible public goods must be thoroughly analyzed on the basis of tangible public goods cost standards. According to tangible public goods standards, the search for realistic competition conditions for intangible public goods includes three aspects: First, The government should make a thorough transition from monopolizing intangible public goods to adopting intangible public goods; second, institutionalizing the competition mechanism of introducing intangible public goods; third, promoting the competition system and mechanism of intangible public goods and improving the Pareto improvement of public resources allocation effect.