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高速列车行车时产生的动力荷载大小受多种因素影响,以列车运行速度的影响尤为关键。由于车辆-轨道-路基结构的复杂性,要通过理论计算准确地确定行车速度对动力荷载的影响并不容易。目前足尺物理模型试验已成为高速铁路无砟轨道路基结构动力性能研究的重要手段。根据沪宁城际无砟轨道设计和施工标准,建成室内1:1无砟轨道路基模型,通过单个轮轴的动态激振试验获得Ⅰ型轨道板动应变幅值及路基动土压力幅值随加载频率的变化规律,在该基础上得到列车动荷载随行车速度的变化规律。结合德国铁路动力荷载放大系数的计算公式,提出确定高速铁路I型轨道结构动力荷载放大系数的方法,并分别获得轨道板与路基结构动力荷载放大系数随列车运行速度的变化规律,可为我国I型轨道-路基系统设计动力荷载的确定提供依据。
The dynamic load generated when driving a high-speed train is influenced by many factors, and the influence of the train running speed is particularly crucial. Due to the complexity of the vehicle-track-subgrade structure, it is not easy to accurately determine the effect of driving speed on the dynamic load through theoretical calculations. At present, full-scale physical model test has become an important method to study the dynamic performance of ballastless track subgrade structures of high-speed railway. According to the design and construction standard of Shanghai-Nanjing inter-city ballastless track, the indoor 1: 1 ballastless subgrade model was built. The dynamic strain amplitude of type Ⅰ track plate and the amplitude of embankment earth pressure with the loading frequency The law of change of train dynamic load with the speed of the train is obtained. Combined with the calculation formula of dynamic load amplification factor of German railways, a method to determine the dynamic load amplification factor of I-track structure is put forward and the variation law of dynamic load amplification factor of track plate and subgrade structure with the train running speed can be obtained respectively. Type track - subgrade system design dynamic load to provide the basis.