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目的了解山东省2002年儿童入学查验预防接种证制度执行情况和新入小学儿童的常规免疫接种状况。方法采用横断面调查方法,对济南(城区常住儿童A小学、流动儿童B小学)、泰安(计免工作开展较好和一般的农村C、D小学)和菏泽市(计免工作开展较差农村E小学)的5所小学共889名2002年入学新生常规免疫接种记录进行调查。结果只有济南市城区的2所小学新生入学时进行体检和查验接种证,但查验接种证仅限于形式,要求不严格;5所小学家庭预防接种证持有率常住儿童和流动儿童分别为6087%、3832%,学校以A小学最高,E小学最低,分别为8670%和1393%;C和D小学无接种证者,均能在乡镇卫生院查到其接种卡。新生的平均卡疤率为8493%。常住儿童BCG、OPV、DPT、MV基础免疫全程接种率均在90%左右,但加强免疫接种率较低,HepB基础免疫全程接种率E小学最低,仅为268%;流动儿童各种疫苗接种率均低于常住儿童,在40%左右。结论建立并严格执行儿童入托入学查验接种证制度,加强各种疫苗的基础免疫和加强免疫及时上证、上卡工作,提高农村计免薄弱地区各种疫苗的免疫接种率,制定流动儿童计划免疫管理的措施。
Objective To understand the implementation of the system of vaccination certificate for children’s enrollment in Shandong Province in 2002 and the routine immunization status of newly admitted primary school children. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to study the prevalence rate of rural residents in Jinan (Urban Primary A, Primary B), Tai’an (Primary and Secondary Primary Schools C and D) and Heze City E primary school) of 5 primary schools a total of 889 freshmen in 2002 routine immunization records for investigation. Results Only two primary freshmen in urban area of Ji’nan City received medical examination and examination of vaccination certificates. However, the examination of vaccination certificates was limited to forms and the requirements were not strict. The prevalence of five primary school immunization certificates was 6087% , 3832%, the highest school A primary school, the lowest E primary school, 8670% and 1393% respectively; C and D primary vaccination were not found in the township hospitals were vaccinated card. The average neonatal card rate of 8493% scar. The coverage rate of basic immunization of BCG, OPV, DPT and MV was about 90% in resident children, but the rate of boosting immunization coverage was lower. The whole vaccination rate of HepB basic immunization was the lowest in E primary school, only 268%. The vaccination rates of migrant children Are lower than the resident children, at about 40%. Conclusion Establishing and strictly implementing the system of vaccination certificates for nurseries on admission, strengthening the basic immunization of various vaccines and strengthening the vaccination and card work in time, raising the vaccination rate of various vaccines in areas with poor immunization in areas exempted from immunization, and formulating the immunization management of migrant children The measure.