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自由市场经济运作方式,遵循着一些类似自然界系统的定律:对顾客购买这样的稀缺资源的竞争,带来了刺激创新的渴望;顾客对某种创新的偏好形成了某种自然选择,导致适者生存的结果;每一个新生代都会在较上一代更高的水平上重新展开竞争;于是随着时间推移,成功的公司必须不断进化其竞争力,否则就会遭到淘汰。在我们对美国和欧洲公司的调查中,我们发现生命周期对企业来说不可避免,几乎所有企业都要经历创新——差异化——获得市场利润——被其他企业复制——重新创新的过程。因此要
The way the free-market economy operates follows a law similar to that of the natural world system: competition for customers buying such scarce resources creates the thirst for stimulating innovation; and customers form a natural choice for some kind of innovative preference that leads the fittest The result of their survival; each new generation will regain competition at a higher level than the previous generation; and as time passes, successful companies must constantly evolve their competitiveness or they will be eliminated. In our survey of US and European companies, we found that the life cycle is inevitable for businesses, that almost all businesses are going through innovation - differentiation - profit from the market - copying from others - reinvention . So want