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从坯料的多晶体结构角度考虑自由表面影响构建多晶体模型。该模型中将坯料分为自由表面层、过渡层和内部层三部分。将自由表面层中的晶粒看作单晶体,通过引入晶体取向考虑晶体变形的各向异性,解释塑性变形的非均匀性;在过渡层中,考虑相邻晶粒的影响;在内部层中,将晶粒看作类似多晶体材料变形。使用建立的模型,采用MSC Superform软件模拟镦粗变形过程。模型分析结果表明,坯料塑性变形出现了流动应力的分散性和变形的非均匀性。计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,这说明建立的模型是有效的。
The polycrystalline model was constructed considering the free surface effect from the polycrystalline structure of the billet. In this model, the blank is divided into three parts: free surface layer, transition layer and inner layer. The crystal grains in the free surface layer are considered as single crystal, the anisotropy of the crystal deformation is introduced by introducing crystal orientation, the non-uniformity of plastic deformation is explained, the influence of adjacent crystal grains is taken into account in the transition layer, Think of the grain as a deformation of a polycrystalline material. Using the established model, MSC Superform software was used to simulate the upsetting deformation process. The results of the model analysis show that the plastic deformation of the blank shows the dispersion of flow stress and the non-uniform deformation. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which shows that the established model is effective.