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定量研究了青石斑鱼(Epinephelus awoara)和卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)的卵黄囊仔鱼发育过程中脂肪特性及脂肪酸的变化。结果表明:两种仔鱼具有不同的脂肪组成,青石斑鱼卵黄囊仔鱼中性脂与极性脂比值为0.97～1.22;卵形鲳鲹卵黄囊仔鱼中性脂与极性脂比值为1.88～3.21。两种卵黄囊仔鱼的总脂含量均随发育而逐步下降,且都主要消耗中性脂。青石斑鱼卵黄囊仔鱼中性脂内含量高的脂肪酸为:18∶1n-9,16∶0,DHA,16∶1和18∶0;极性脂中含量高的脂肪酸为:DHA,16∶0,18∶0和18∶1n-9。卵形鲳鲹卵黄囊仔鱼中性脂中含量高的脂肪酸为:18∶1n-9,18∶2n-6,DHA,16∶4n-3和16∶0;极性脂中含量高的脂肪酸为:DHA,16∶0,18∶1n-9和18∶2n-6。青石斑鱼卵黄囊仔鱼发育至2日龄时中性脂主要脂肪酸均显著下降;而卵形鲳鲹卵黄囊仔鱼发育至1日龄时中性脂主要脂肪酸均显著下降。两种卵黄囊仔鱼极性脂中的主要脂肪酸均在1日龄时显著升高。上述结果表明尽管脂肪和脂肪酸组成存在显著差异,但青石斑鱼和卵形鲳鲹的卵黄囊仔鱼在发育过程中利用脂类的规律具有相似性。
The fat characteristics and fatty acid changes during the development of yolk sac larvae of Epinephelus awoara and Trachinotus ovatus were quantitatively studied. The results showed that the two kinds of larvae had different fat compositions, the ratio of neutral fat to polar fat in YURs was 0.97-1.22, while the ratio of neutral fat to polar fat in Yolk sac of Yolk eggs was 1.88-3.21 . The total lipid content of the two yolk sac larvae gradually decreased with development, and both mainly consumed neutral lipids. Blue grouper yolk sac larvae with high fat content of neutral lipids: 18: 1n-9,16: 0, DHA, 16: 1 and 18: 0; fatty acids with high content of polar lipids: DHA, 16: 0,18: 0 and 18: 1 n-9. Ovate oyster yolk sac larvae of high fat content of neutral lipids: 18: 1n-9,18: 2n-6, DHA, 16: 4n-3 and 16: : DHA, 16: 0, 18: 1 n-9 and 18: 2n-6. The main fatty acids of neutral lipids were significantly decreased when the larvae were cultured until 2 days of age, while the main fatty acids of neutral lipids were significantly decreased when the larvae of the oviposition stage were up to 1 day old. The major fatty acids in the polar lipids of both yolk sacs were significantly elevated at 1 day of age. The above results indicate that despite the significant differences in the composition of fat and fatty acids, there are similarities in the rules of lipid utilization between the green grouper and the oviparous yolk sac larvae.