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【目的】观察产前应用地塞米松对早产儿脑损伤的影响。【方法】选择2008年1月—2009年12月在本院新生儿科收治的胎龄≤35周的322例早产儿作为观察对象,据产前是否有效应用地塞米松分为地塞米松组和对照组,出生后常规作头颅超声检查。【结果】地塞米松组脑室周围-脑室内出血(periventricular-intraventricular hemorrha-ges,PVH-IVH)、重度PVH-IVH和脑室周围白质软化(periventricular leukomalacia,PVL)的患病率分别为6.1%、0.9%和4.8%,低于对照组的16.5%(χ2=8.627,P=0.03)、5.5%(χ2=6.556,P=0.01)和15.4%(χ2=10.255,P=0.001)。【结论】产前应用地塞米松能降低早产儿(≤35周)PVH-IVH和PVL的患病率,并能减轻PVH-IVH的严重程度,对早产儿脑损伤有预防作用。
【Objective】 To observe the effect of prenatal dexamethasone on brain injury in premature infants. 【Methods】 A total of 322 preterm infants of gestational age ≤35 weeks admitted in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2009 were selected as the observation objects. According to whether prenatal application of dexamethasone was effective or not, Control group, after birth, routine skull ultrasound. 【Results】 The prevalence rates of periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhages (PVH-IVH), severe PVH-IVH and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) in dexamethasone group were 6.1%, 0.9% % And 4.8% respectively, lower than 16.5% (χ2 = 8.627, P = 0.03), 5.5% (χ2 = 6.556, P = 0.01) and 15.4% (χ2 = 10.255, P = 0.001) in the control group. 【Conclusion】 Prenatal dexamethasone can reduce the prevalence of PVH-IVH and PVL in preterm infants (≤35 weeks), reduce the severity of PVH-IVH and prevent premature infants with brain injury.