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维吾尔族是新疆主要少数民族,人类历史上诸多民族及部落对现代维吾尔族的生成都有贡献,甚至可以说他们已经融合入现代的维吾尔族人群中。现有的历史记载和考古学资料难于解释历史较近的人群动态,故需要运用其他方法手段。以PCR扩增为基础的分子遗传学方法已成为探讨人群、种族迁演乃至人类的起源和进化的主导技术。本文主要对维吾尔族mtDNA及Y-STR遗传多样性研究进展做一综述。
Uighurs are the major ethnic minorities in Xinjiang. Many ethnic groups and tribes in human history contributed to the formation of modern Uighurs. They can even be said to have integrated into the modern Uyghur population. Existing historical records and archeological data are difficult to explain the dynamics of the population with a relatively old history. Therefore, other methods and means are needed. Molecular genetic methods based on PCR amplification have become the dominant technologies for exploring the origins and evolution of populations, ethnic movements and even humans. This article mainly reviews the research progress on the genetic diversity of mtDNA and Y-STR in Uigur.