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随着全球气候变暖,冬小麦在青海高原种植区域内的越冬率明显提高,但由于青海高原农业分布垂直变化明显,生态类型复杂多样,对冬小麦品种的适应性要求较高。因此,于2009-2010年开展了冬小麦品种兰天15号不同生态区密度和生产适应性试验、适宜种植地区的最高海拔界定以及丰产栽培技术试验,旨在进一步明确冬小麦在青海高原内的适宜种植区域,为进一步稳定和扩大区域内高寒地区冬小麦种植提供理论依据。结果表明,参试材料在不同生态区均表现出较好的适应性,密度试验平均产量达8 433.0kg/hm2,比对照平均增产10.2%,生产适应性试验平均产量达9 048.0kg/hm2,比对照平均增产25.8%;种植区域最高海拔可界定为2 557.0~2 740.0m;在不同生态区播种量为225.0~262.5kg/hm2较为适宜,产量在6 750.0kg/hm2以上的最优农艺措施搭配组合为尿素225.0~375.0kg/hm2、过磷酸钙1 500.0~2 700.0kg/hm2、播种量为225.0~300.0kg/hm2。
With the global warming, the overwintering rate of winter wheat in the planting area of Qinghai Plateau increased obviously. However, the vertical distribution of agriculture in Qinghai Plateau is obvious, the ecological types are complex and diverse, and the adaptability to winter wheat is more demanding. Therefore, in 2009-2010, the experiment of density and production adaptability of different ecological zones of winter wheat variety Lantian 15, the definition of the highest altitude for suitable planting areas and the experiment of high yield cultivation techniques were carried out to further clarify the suitable planting of winter wheat in Qinghai Plateau Area, provide a theoretical basis for further stabilizing and expanding winter wheat cultivation in alpine regions in the region. The results showed that the tested materials showed good adaptability in different ecological zones. The average yield of density test was 8 433.0 kg / hm2, which increased by 10.2% on average and the average yield of production adaptability test was 9 048.0 kg / hm2. Which increased 25.8% on average compared with the control. The highest elevation in the planting area could be defined as 2 557.0 ~ 2 740.0 m. The optimal agronomic measures with sowing rates of 225.0 ~ 262.5 kg / hm2 in different ecological zones and the yield above 6 750.0 kg / hm2 With the combination of urea 225.0 ~ 375.0kg / hm2, superphosphate 1 500.0 ~ 2 700.0kg / hm2, seeding rate of 225.0 ~ 300.0kg / hm2.