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本文通过动脉灌注,对120侧不同年龄(新生儿至87岁)尸体的膝关节骨性部和软组织的血液供应分别进行了研究。新生儿的膝动脉在软骨内分布呈节段性,软骨骨化后,骨骺和髌骨的动脉间建立广泛的吻合。骺软骨板分隔膝关节的骨骺与干骺端。随骺板的闭合,两者间有血管互相交通。骺板的血液供应来自骺动脉、干骺动脉和滋养动脉终末的毛细血管袢以及骨膜动脉网的小支。髌骨的动脉分3组,发自髌前丛和髌周动脉环。滑膜和髌下脂垫的血管分布丰富。肌睫和韧带在骨的附着处缺乏血管。成人半月板外1/5有血管分布,内4/5无血管。本文对膝关节血管分布的临床意义作了简要讨论。
In this paper, arterial perfusion was used to study the blood supply of the knee bones and soft tissues of 120 different ages (newborn to 87 years old) respectively. Neonatal knee artery distribution in the cartilage was segmental, cartilage ossification, epiphyseal and patella between the arteries to establish a wide range of anastomosis. Epiphyseal cartilage plate separation of the epiphyseal and metaphysis of the knee. With the epiphyseal closure, there are blood vessels between the two traffic. Epiphyseal blood supply from the epiphyseal artery, epiphyseal artery and nourishing the terminal capillary capillaries and periosteal artery network of small branches. Patella artery divided into 3 groups, from the patellar plexus and patellar artery rings. Synovium and infrapatellar fat pad vascular rich distribution. Gracilis and ligaments lack blood vessels at the site of bone attachment. 1/5 of the adult meniscus has a blood vessel distribution within 4/5 of the absence of blood vessels. This article gives a brief discussion of the clinical significance of the distribution of the blood vessels in the knee.