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目的研究江西省近10年风疹病毒野毒株的基因特性,为江西省的风疹防控提供技术支撑。方法采集江西省2006-2015年风疹疑似病例咽拭子标本,用Vero/SLAM细胞对标本进行病毒分离培养,再对细胞分离物进行核酸的提取,采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)对细胞分离物进行风疹病毒核酸鉴定,采用RT-PCR对风疹病毒核酸检测阳性标本扩增病毒糖蛋白E1基因,对其核苷酸序列进行测定,运用生物学软件对测定序列进行处理分析。结果江西省2006-2015年风疹病毒野毒株分属于2个基因型:1E基因型(14株)和2B基因型(20株),1E基因型为江西省2005-2013年风疹病毒流行唯一基因型,并在2015年被2B基因型替代。1E和2B基因型各毒株之间E1基因核苷酸同源性分别为97.6%~99.9%和99.2%~99.9%,与疫苗株BRDII株核苷酸同源性分别为89.4%~89.9%和92.6%-93.0%,氨基酸同源性为98.8%~99.6%;氨基酸序列相对保守,未发现重要抗原位点的改变。结论 1E基因型和2B基因型为江西省2006-2015年风疹病毒流行的基因型,2B基因型为2015年首次在江西省发现,并为当年的绝对优势基因型。
Objective To study the genetic characteristics of rubella virus wild-type strains in Jiangxi Province in recent 10 years and provide technical support for the prevention and control of rubella in Jiangxi Province. Methods Throat swabs were collected from suspected rubella patients in 2006-2015 in Jiangxi Province. Vero / SLAM cells were used for virus isolation and culture. The nucleic acids were extracted from the cell isolates by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) ) Were used to identify the cell isolates for rubella virus. RT-PCR was used to amplify the viral glycoprotein E1 gene from the rubella virus-positive samples. The nucleotide sequence of the virus glycoprotein E1 gene was determined. The sequencing software was analyzed by using biological software. Results The genotypes of rubella virus in Jiangxi Province from 2006 to 2015 belonged to 2 genotypes: 1E genotype (14 strains) and 2B genotype (20 strains). The 1E genotype was the only gene of rubella virus epidemic in Jiangxi Province from 2005 to 2013 And was replaced by the 2B genotype in 2015. The nucleotide homology of E1 gene between strains of 1E and 2B genotypes were 97.6% -99.9% and 99.2% -99.9%, respectively. The nucleotide homology of E1 gene to vaccine strain BRDII was 89.4% -89.9% And 92.6% -93.0% respectively. The amino acid homology was 98.8% -99.6%. The amino acid sequence was relatively conservative and no change of important antigenic site was found. Conclusion The genotypes 1E and 2B are the genotypes of rubella virus epidemic in Jiangxi Province from 2006 to 2015. The genotype 2B genotype was first found in Jiangxi Province in 2015 and is the absolute predominant genotype in that year.