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Objective: To study the inhibition of Cantharidin against the proliferation of human lung cancer A549 cells and its mechanism. Methods: MTT assay was employed to determine the inhibition of Cantharidin against proliferation of A549 cells and flow Cytometry was applied to analyze A549 cell cycle and the effect of Cantharidin on cell cycle. Results: Cantharidin showed inhibition against the proliferation of A549 cells, and the inhibition was mediated by blocking A549 cell cycle at G2/M phase significantly. Conclusion: Cantharidin exhibits inhibition against the proliferation of human lung cancer A549 cells.