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亚洲人群中普遍存在突变型的乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2 2)。此酶突变后活性缺失,导致乙醛在肝脏内大量累积使突变携带者在喝酒后会有脸红等不适反应,因此这可能影响他们的饮酒行为。由于ALDH2 2等位基因与饮酒行为相关,它也可能与酒精引起的肝脏损伤及某些癌症密切相关,而且,它在不同的亚洲人群中有不同的频率分布。近年来对ALDH2 2等位基因的序列结构、表达及其重要功能等有了更深入的了解,对ALDH2的多态性在研究方法、研究群体分布范围等都有很大进展。同时还讨论了不同地理分布、不同年龄结构、性别差异条件下,中国人群中ALDH2基因型频率与饮酒行为的关系。
Mutant aldaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2 2) is prevalent in Asian populations. This mutant enzyme activity is absent, leading to a large number of accumulation of acetaldehyde in the liver so that mutation carriers will have blush and other discomfort after drinking, so this may affect their drinking behavior. Because the ALDH2 2 allele is associated with drinking behavior, it may also be closely linked to alcohol-induced liver damage and certain cancers, and it has a different frequency distribution among different Asian populations. In recent years, the sequence structure, expression and important functions of ALDH2 2 allele have been further studied. The ALDH2 polymorphism has made great progress in research methods and population distribution. At the same time, the relationship between ALDH2 genotype frequency and drinking behavior in Chinese population under different geographical distribution, different age structures and gender differences was also discussed.