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目的分析不同产地及种属罗布麻叶挥发油的化学成分。方法用水蒸气蒸馏法提取罗布麻叶挥发油,以气相色谱-质谱联用技术进行挥发油的化学成分分析。结果不同产地及种属罗布麻叶挥发油的化学成分有较大的不同。运城红麻中含有较多的烯、酮、酸,占挥发油含量的31.78%,并首次从中得到7-甲基-6,9-二烯-氧杂环十二烷-2-酮、3-叔丁基-4-羟基茴香醚、高胡椒乙胺、芴、菲及叶绿醇;东北红麻中含有较多的酸、酮,占挥发油含量的28.44%,首次从中得到2-甲基-6-对甲基苯基-2-庚烯、肉豆蔻醛;陕西红麻中含有较多的烯、酮,占挥发油含量的39.89%,首次从中得到长叶烯、柏木烯、香叶基丙酮、棕榈酸及其甲酯;运城白麻中含有较多的长链碳原子饱和烃类物质,占挥发油含量的19.88%,此外含有占挥发油18.03%的酮类物质。结论不同产地采集的生药材,其挥发性物质的含量和成分有一定的差别,罗布麻的挥发性成分应分别加以研究利用。
Objective To analyze the chemical constituents of volatile oil from Apocynum venetum L. in different producing areas and species. Methods The volatile oil of Apocynum venetum L. was extracted by steam distillation and the chemical constituents of volatile oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results The chemical composition of volatile oil from Apocynum venetum L. varied from different places and species. Yuncheng kenaf contains more alkene, ketone, and acid, accounting for 31.78% of the volatile oil content, and for the first time obtained 7-methyl-6,9-diene-oxacyclododec-2-one, 3- Tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, high-spirit ethylamine, anthraquinone, phenanthrene, and phytol; Northeast Kenaf contains more acids and ketones, accounting for 28.44% of the volatile oil content, for the first time to obtain 2-methyl- 6-p-methylphenyl-2-heptene, myristic aldehyde; Shaanxi kenaf contains more ene and ketones, accounting for 39.89% of the volatile oil content, for the first time to obtain longifolene, cypressene, geranyl acetone , palmitic acid and its methyl ester; Yuncheng white hemp contains more long-chain saturated hydrocarbons, accounting for 19.88% of volatile oil content, in addition to containing 18.03% of volatile oil ketones. Conclusion There are certain differences in the content and composition of the volatile substances collected from raw materials collected from different production areas. Volatile components from A. venetum should be studied and utilized separately.