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目的探讨健康教育对企业工人防治职业病知识水平和自我保护能力的效果。方法以某家化工企业452名工人为研究对象,通过健康检查和集中进行教育干预,对实施健康教育前后工人对职业卫生知识的知晓率、一般卫生习惯的变化进行评价。结果通过健康教育干预措施,职工职业卫生法规知识与职业病防治知识知晓率明显提高,干预前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);一般卫生知识行为均有改善,吸烟、饮酒等不良嗜好下降了29.1%,饭前洗手增加了31.4%,下班后洗澡更衣增加了37.6%。结论开展职业病健康教育,能提高企业职工的有关职业病防治知识水平与自我保护意识,是预防职业中毒的有效途径之一。
Objective To explore the effect of health education on the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases and the self-protection ability of workers. Methods A total of 452 workers in a chemical company were selected as research objects. Through health examination and intensive education intervention, the awareness rate of occupational health knowledge before and after the implementation of health education and the changes of general hygiene habits were evaluated. Results Through the intervention of health education, the awareness rate of occupational health regulations knowledge and occupational disease prevention and control knowledge was significantly improved, with significant difference before and after the intervention (P <0.05); general health knowledge and behavior improved, bad habits such as smoking and drinking decreased 29.1%, hand washing increased by 31.4% before meals, dressing after bathing increased by 37.6%. Conclusion Carrying out health education on occupational diseases can improve the awareness of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases and awareness of self-protection among employees, which is one of the effective ways to prevent occupational poisoning.