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毛豆（又名菜用大豆）是指在鼓粒末期青割食用的大豆。它富含蛋白质,并含有磷、钙、铁及维生素B_1 B_2等多种矿物元素和维生素,营养丰富。毛豆的生产和消费主要在亚洲,特别是中国（包括台湾省）、日本和泰国等地。我国各地都有栽培,主要分布在南方。我国福建省最早于1988年从台湾省引进台湾毛豆种植,面积逐年扩大,年种植面积4万亩以上,加工速冻毛豆产品5000余吨,主要销往日本市场。我所1994年引种台湾毛豆292和305,一般亩产鲜荚465kg以上,亩收益千元以上。 一、特征特性 （一）农艺性状 属有限结荚类型,植株较矮,292在本地夏播株高30-35cm,305株高40-45cm,底荚高度8cm,分枝节应低,分枝性强,一般分枝3-3.5个,主茎9-10节,节间较密。茎秆粗壮,抗倒耐肥,不易徒长。叶片较厚,叶柄较长,叶是卵圆形。292花紫色,305花白色。嫩荚披白色茸毛,292荚色浅绿,305荚色深绿。 （二）荚（粒）性状 一般单株结荚 24. 2- 28.1个,荚长4-6cm,荚宽1.2cm。含2-3粒种子的荚占63％-68％,单荚鲜重1.9-3.1g,剥仁率45％-50％。鲜豆百粒重 50- 65g,干豆百粒重 292为 28-30g,305为40-42g,成熟籽粒近扁圆形,脐淡褐色,种皮簿,292种皮为黄色,305为淡绿色。 （三）生育期 属春大豆早中熟品种,全生育期100天,292较305早熟4-6天。292
Soybeans (aka vegetable soybeans) refers to soybeans that are eaten green at the end of drum grain. It is rich in protein, and contains a variety of mineral elements and vitamins such as phosphorus, calcium, iron and vitamin B_1 B_2, nutrient-rich. Soybean production and consumption are mainly in Asia, especially China (including Taiwan Province), Japan and Thailand. All over China have cultivation, mainly in the south. Fujian Province in China as early as 1988, introduced from Taiwan Province, soybeans cultivation of Taiwan, the area has expanded each year, the annual planting area of more than 4 acres, 5000 tons of processed quick-frozen soybeans products, mainly exported to the Japanese market. In 1994, we introduced Taiwan soybeans 292 and 305, generally producing more than 465kg of fresh pods per mu. First, the characteristics and characteristics (A) agronomic traits are limited pod types, plants shorter, 292 in the local summer sowing plant height 30-35cm, 305 plant height 40-45cm, the bottom pod height 8cm, branch should be low, branching Strong, generally branched 3-3.5, 9-10 main stems, internodes more dense. Stem stout, resistant to fertilizer, not easy to leggy. Thick leaves, petiole longer, leaves are oval. 292 flowers purple, 305 flowers white. Tender poncho white hair, 292 pod color light green, pod color depth green 305. (B) pod (grain) traits General single plant pod 24. 2- 28.1 pod length 4-6cm, pod width 1.2cm. Pods containing 2-3 seeds account for 63% -68%, fresh pods weight 1.9-3.1g, peel rate 45% -50%. The fresh weight of hundred beans is 50-65g, the dry weight of hundred beans is 28-30g for 292, and 40-42g for 305, the mature seeds are nearly oblate, the umbilical hazel is brown, green. (C) of the growth period is early maturing varieties of spring soybeans, the whole growth period of 100 days, 292 305 premature 4-6 days. 292