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目的研究宜兴市2010年手足口病重症病例的流行特征,为正确预防、控制手足口病提供依据。方法对2010年国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统报告的宜兴市重症手足口病病例进行流行病学分析。结果宜兴市2010年报告22例重症病例,以5～7月为发病高峰,男性、散居儿童、1～3岁婴幼儿为高发人群。外地户籍儿童进展为重症的可能性明显高于本地儿童(P=1.43×10-6),EV71感染较CoxA16更易导致重症(P=0.0385)。重症病例临床症状多有发热、皮疹、精神差、易惊、心率加快、呕吐等症状。首诊确诊率为52.38%,重症病例从发病到明确诊断的平均时间为(2.10±0.80)d,较普通病例有诊断延迟。结论对外地流动人口及小年龄组儿童的家长要加强宣教,改善卫生条件,提高卫生意识。同时加强医务人员的培训,提高对重症手足口病的识别及救治能力。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD cases in Yixing City in 2010 and provide evidence for the correct prevention and control of HFMD. Methods The epidemiological analysis of severe HFMD cases in Yixing City reported by the National Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System in 2010 was conducted. Results In 2010, Yixing City reported 22 cases of severe cases, with peak incidence from May to July. Male, scattered children and 1-3 years old infants and young children were the high incidence population. Children with hukou status were significantly more likely to develop severe illness than children (P = 1.43 × 10-6). EV71 infection was more likely to cause severe illness than CoxA16 (P = 0.0385). Clinical symptoms of severe cases and more fever, rash, poor spirit, easy to shock, heart rate, vomiting and other symptoms. The first diagnosis was 52.38%. The average time from severe diagnosis to definite diagnosis was (2.10 ± 0.80) d, which was more delayed than the common diagnosis. Conclusion Parents of migrant children and children in the younger age group should step up their propaganda and education, improve hygiene conditions and raise awareness of hygiene. At the same time, the training of medical personnel should be strengthened to improve the identification and treatment of severe HFMD.