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目的：探讨小儿创伤性膈疝的特点、诊断方法及治疗原则。重点对创伤性膈疝延迟性诊断的原因进行讨论。方法：总结２２年来收治的１１例小儿创伤性膈疝，以实例对比方法，分析小儿创伤性膈疝延误诊断的原因，总结其发病特点并就各种检查的优缺点加以讨论。结果：本组１１例患儿中６例早期诊断病例经腹或经胸手术修补，５例延迟性诊断病例中４例开胸修补，１例术前误诊死亡。结论：小儿创伤性膈疝容易被误诊，掌握小儿膈疝特点，提高诊断意识及有价值的影像学检查是提高早期诊断率、降低死亡率的关键
Objective: To investigate the characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia in children. The main reason for the delayed diagnosis of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is discussed. Methods: 11 cases of pediatric traumatic diaphragmatic hernia admitted in 22 years were summarized. The causes of the delayed diagnosis of pediatric traumatic diaphragmatic hernia were analyzed by case-control method. The characteristics of onset and the advantages and disadvantages of various examinations were discussed. Results: 6 cases of early diagnosis in this group were transabdominal or transthoracic surgery, 4 cases of delayed diagnosis in 5 cases were repaired by thoracotomy, and 1 case was misdiagnosed before operation. Conclusion: Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia in children is easily misdiagnosed. To master the characteristics of diaphragmatic hernia in children, to improve the diagnostic awareness and valuable imaging examination is the key to improve the early diagnosis rate and reduce the mortality rate