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目的探讨老年肺结核的临床特点。方法回顾分析186例老年肺结核的临床表现、并发症与合并症、影像学及实验室检查、治疗结果、副反应发生情况等资料。结果老年肺结核患者病灶范围广,病程长,合并症多,症状不典型,易造成误诊,X线表现多样化,病变部位单侧占27.4%,双侧占72.6%,渗出性质占30.6%,增殖性占12.9%,混合性占44.7%,易形成空洞,单发空洞占16.7%,多发空洞占12.9%,痰菌阳性率及耐药率高,治疗过程副反应发生率高。结论应增强对老年肺结核特点的认识,对以呼吸道症状就诊的老年人,应积极查痰及检查胸部X线,以提高早期诊断率和防治效果。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods Retrospective analysis of 186 cases of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis clinical manifestations, complications and complications, imaging and laboratory tests, treatment results, side effects and other information. Results Elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis had a wide range of lesions, long course of disease, multiple complications and atypical symptoms, which could easily lead to misdiagnosis. The X-ray manifestations were diversified. The lesions accounted for 27.4% in one side, 72.6% in both sides and 30.6% Proliferation of 12.9%, mixed accounted for 44.7%, easy to form a cavity, a single hair hole accounted for 16.7%, multiple hair cavity accounted for 12.9%, sputum bacteria positive rate and drug resistance rate, the incidence of side effects during treatment. Conclusion The understanding of the characteristics of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis should be enhanced. For the elderly with respiratory symptoms, the sputum and chest X-rays should be actively investigated to improve the early diagnosis rate and prevention and treatment.