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根据陕北丘陵沟壑区自然特点，和该区农田主要农作物水分利用与平衡研究工作结果，分析总结了不同农作物在不同立地条件、不同栽培管理状况下的水分利用与平衡的规律为：在降雨正常年份的作物生育期内，２ｍ土层土壤水分变化趋势与自然降雨同步；各作物收获后的土壤水分与播种前土壤水分几乎相等、作物耗水量与生育期降雨量几乎相等，土壤水分基本处于平衡状态；同年降雨量相同，但由于作物种类、耕作措施、立地条件不同，使作物产量、水分利用效率差异显著。并由此论述了提高当地农田作物水分利用效率，发展农业生产的有关措施．
According to the natural characteristics of the hilly and gully regions in northern Shaanxi and the results of the study on the water use and balance of the main crops in the farmland in the northern part of Shaanxi Province, the law of water use and balance of different crops under different planting and management conditions was summarized as follows: In the year of crop growth, the trend of soil moisture in 2m soil layer was synchronous with that of natural rainfall. The soil moisture of each crop was almost equal to the soil moisture before sowing, the water consumption of crop was almost equal to the rainfall of growth period, and the soil moisture was basically in equilibrium The same rainfall in the same year, but due to crop species, tillage practices, different site conditions, crop yield, water use efficiency significantly different. And then discusses the measures to improve the efficiency of water use efficiency of local farmland crops and develop agricultural production.