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国内外液化和压缩气体的泄漏爆炸事故屡见不鲜,针对其性质和短时间近地面扩散的特点,总结、修正和扩展了瞬时泄漏下的平均半球形扩散模型。对于连续泄漏,利用数学积分理论建立了静风下的半球形扩散模型。接着对有风时的情况进行建模推导,将风速和气体自身扩散速度进行矢量合成,得到了半椭球形扩散和半椭圆锥与1/4椭球体组合扩散下气体的质量浓度和质量浓度变化趋势。最后用实例验证了该模型的先进性。该模型集能较好地反映液化和压缩气体泄漏后不同泄漏情况、时间、近地面区域和风速下的扩散浓度空间分布及其动态变化过程,为事故后果预估和应急救援决策提供参考。
The leak and explosion of liquefied and compressed gas both at home and abroad are not uncommon. According to their nature and short-time near-surface diffusion, the average hemispherical diffusion model under transient leakage is summarized, modified and expanded. For continuous leakage, the hemispherical diffusion model under static wind is established by mathematical integral theory. Then the modeling of windy condition was deduced, and the wind speed and gas diffusion speed were vector synthesized. The variation of gas mass concentration and mass concentration under the combination of semi-ellipsoid diffusion and semi-elliptic cone and 1/4 ellipsoid diffusion were obtained. trend. Finally, an example is used to verify the advanced nature of the model. The model set can better reflect the spatial distribution of diffusion concentration under different leaks, time, near-surface area and wind speed and its dynamic change process after liquefied and compressed gas leakage, and provide reference for the prediction of accident consequence and emergency rescue decision.