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多数研究表明外生菌根真菌能够促进植物养分吸收并提高植物生长,但是对其发生的原因研究较少。本文在室内控制条件下,研究了真菌菌丝分泌N、P相关胞外酶及其受土壤有机碳(胡敏酸)和无机碳(碳酸钙)添加的影响,结果表明:1)3种真菌——松乳菇(Lactarius deliciosus)、变色红菇(Russula integra)、铆钉菇(Gomphidius viscidus)菌丝均能够分泌酸性磷酸酶和蛋白酶,而且多数情况下,MMN培养基培养14 d时,各个酶活性较高,而不同菌的胞外酶活性存在较大的差异,平均值来看铆钉菇酸性磷酸酶活性最低而蛋白酶活性最高,其它2个真菌菌丝的胞外酶活性差异不大;2)添加胡敏酸后,3种菌丝的酸性磷酸酶活性都是随着胡敏酸添加量的增加而逐渐增加;但蛋白酶活性存在差异:松乳菇的蛋白酶活性随着胡敏酸添加量的增加而逐渐增加;变色红菇的蛋白酶活性对胡敏酸不敏感,受其影响不大;铆钉菇的蛋白酶活力在少量的胡敏酸作用下最强,但浓度过高反而抑制其蛋白酶的活性。3)添加碳酸钙后,总体来看,3种菌丝胞外酸性磷酸酶和蛋白酶活性都是添加少量碳酸钙时酶活性最强,随着浓度的增加(如0.1 g),其酶活性开始受到抑制。综上所述,真菌菌丝能够分泌酸性磷酸酶和蛋白酶,这可能是因为这些外生菌根真菌能够促进植物养分吸收和快速生长的原因;有机碳和无机碳的加入可以直接影响真菌菌丝胞外酶的分泌,进而影响土壤内有机磷和有机氮化合物的分解,显示其在土壤碳循环中的作用。
Most studies show that ectomycorrhizal fungi can promote the absorption of plant nutrients and improve plant growth, but less research has been done on their causes. In this paper, under the indoor control conditions, the extracellular enzymes of N and P secreted by mycelium of fungi were studied and their effects on soil organic carbon (humic acid) and inorganic carbon (calcium carbonate) were studied. The results showed that: 1) - Lactarius deliciosus, Russula integra, Gomphidius viscidus mycelium are able to secrete acid phosphatase and protease, and in most cases, when cultured in MMN medium for 14 days, each enzyme The activities of extracellular enzymes of different fungi were quite different. The average activity of the rized Agaricus mushrooms was the lowest and the protease activity was the highest. The activity of extracellular enzymes of the other two fungi was not significantly different.2 ) After addition of humic acid, the acid phosphatase activities of the three mycelia increased gradually with the increase of humic acid addition, but the protease activity was different: the protease activity of Lactarius increased with the amount of humic acid added Of protease activity of Humulus serrata was not sensitive to humic acid, which had little effect on it; the protease activity of Agkistrodon acutus was the strongest under the action of a small amount of humic acid, but its concentration was too high but inhibited its protease active. 3) After adding calcium carbonate, in general, the activities of extracellular acid phosphatase and protease of the three mycelia were the strongest when calcium carbonate was added. With the increase of concentration (eg 0.1 g), the enzyme activity started Suppressed. In summary, fungal mycelium can secrete acid phosphatase and protease, which may be because these ectomycorrhizal fungi can promote plant nutrient absorption and rapid growth of reasons; organic carbon and inorganic carbon can directly affect the fungal mycelium Extracellular enzyme secretion, and then affect the decomposition of organic phosphorus and organic nitrogen compounds in the soil, indicating its role in soil carbon cycle.