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目的:通过对2011~2014年黔东南州食物中毒监测结果进行分析,了解全州食物中毒的三间分布特征、分析食物中毒的致病因子等,为以后更好的开展食物中毒防控工作提供科学依据。方法:从食源性疾病暴发报告系统中获取黔东南州2011~2014年食物中毒监测数据,对该期间监测的数据采用描述性流行病学方法分析。结果:2011~2014年共收到食物中毒事件报告34起,发病总人数248人,死亡人数13人,病死率5.2%;2、3季度是食物中毒高发时间;主要场所分布在农村家庭;致病因素以毒蘑菇中毒居多,且病死率高;误食误用是引起中毒事件发生的主要原因。结论:2011~2014年全州食物中毒的发生具有明显季节性,农村村民是高危人群,应加强宣传教育,提高群众的自我防范意识,做到早期预警,减少食物中毒事件发生。
Objective: To analyze the food poisoning monitoring results in Qiandongnan Prefecture from 2011 to 2014, understand the three distribution characteristics of food poisoning in Quanzhou, and analyze the pathogenic factors of food poisoning so as to provide better food poisoning prevention and control work in the future Scientific basis. Methods: Food poisoning monitoring data of Qiandongnan from 2011 to 2014 were obtained from foodborne disease outbreak reporting system, and the data of monitoring during this period were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results: From 2011 to 2014, a total of 34 food poisoning incidents were reported, with a total incidence of 248 people and 13 deaths, with a case fatality rate of 5.2%. The second and third quarters were the high time of food poisoning. The main places were distributed in rural families. The main cause of poisoning poisoned mushroom poisoning, and the high case fatality rate; misuse of food poisoning is caused by the main reason for the occurrence of poisoning. Conclusion: The occurrence of food poisoning in Jeonju during the period from 2011 to 2014 is obviously seasonal. Villagers in rural areas are at high risk. Publicity and education should be stepped up to raise public awareness of self-protection so as to make early warning and reduce food poisoning incidents.