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【目的】筛选能够表征土壤肥力水平的酶类和参数。【方法】采用非缓冲液法,对采自渭北旱塬陕西长武县农田19个土样的10项生化指标(转化酶、纤维素酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶、尿酸盐酶和土壤呼吸强度)进行测定;并采用相关和主成分分析法,对土壤酶活性、土壤呼吸强度之间及其与土壤化学性质间的相关性和主成分综合得分进行评判;最后采用土壤酶总体酶活性参数(TEI、TEI5)对19个供试土样的肥力进行评价,并分析了其与土壤化学性质的相关性。【结果】土壤转化酶、脲酶、脱氢酶、土壤呼吸强度对土壤环境条件的改变较为敏感;10项土壤生化指标中,仅转化酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、脱氢酶活性和土壤呼吸强度之间及其与大多数理化性质间呈显著或极显著相关,揭示此5项生化指标与土壤化学性质关系密切,且在一定程度上可指示土壤肥力水平的高低;构建的总体酶活性参数TEI和TEI5,与土壤酶活性、土壤呼吸强度及土壤化学性质主成分分析获得的土壤肥力综合得分均达极显著正相关。【结论】土壤总体酶活性参数TEI和TEI5可作为表征土壤肥力的重要指标,并能反映土壤整体酶活性和呼吸强度的高低。
【Objective】 Screening enzymes and parameters that can characterize soil fertility. 【Method】 The non-buffer method was used to analyze the ten biochemical indexes (invertase, cellulase, amylase, protease, urease, phosphatase, peroxidation) of 19 soil samples from farmland in Changwu County, Shaanxi Province, The activity of soil enzyme, the activity of soil respiration, and the relationship between soil respiration and soil respiration. The correlations between soil enzyme activity, respiration rate and soil respiration were analyzed by correlation and principal component analysis. Finally, the soil fertility of 19 tested soil samples was evaluated by using soil enzyme total enzyme activity parameters (TEI, TEI5), and its correlation with soil chemical properties was analyzed. 【Result】 Soil invertase, urease, dehydrogenase and soil respiration were more sensitive to changes in soil environmental conditions. Among 10 soil biochemical parameters, only invertase, urease, phosphatase and dehydrogenase activity and soil respiration And between them and most of the physicochemical properties were significantly or very significantly related, revealing the five biochemical indicators and chemical properties of the soil are closely related, and to some extent, indicating the level of soil fertility; build the overall enzyme activity parameters TEI and TEI5 and soil enzyme activity, soil respiration and soil chemical composition of the principal component analysis of soil fertility were significant positive correlation. 【Conclusion】 The total soil enzyme activity parameters TEI and TEI5 can be used as an important indicator of soil fertility and reflect the overall soil enzyme activity and respiratory intensity.