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目的探讨基于虚拟现实(VR)技术的康复方法在全膝关节置换术(TKA)后早期功能恢复及关节功能的影响。方法选取2015年3月-2016年10月在我院关节外科行TKA治疗的50例患者作为研究对象。按照随机数表法随机分为试验组(23例)和对照组(27例)。试验组术后采用虚拟现实技术(VR)康复锻炼,对照组术后采用持续性被动活动(CPM)进行功能锻炼,术后随访比较两组患者在术后VAS疼痛评分、膝关节肿胀程度、膝关节活动度、膝关节功能评分(HSS)、Berg平衡量表评分(BBS)、膝关节本体感觉评分。结果 (1)两组患者在术后3d、5d、7d VAS评分及术后5d、7d肿胀度差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)两组患者在术后2周、6周膝关节主被动活动度上试验组明显要高于对照组(P<0.05);(3)两组患者术后2周、6周及3个月HSS评分差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);(4)两组患者发现术后1周、2周、6周及3个月试验组BBS评分均显著优于对照组水平(P<0.05);(5)术前、术后1周、2周、6周及3个月两组患者膝关节本体感觉评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论基于虚拟现实技术的康复锻炼可以有效的缓解TKA术后疼痛及肿胀程度,同时还可以促进膝关节功能的恢复,但是对膝关节本体感觉的改善无明显优势。
Objective To investigate the effect of rehabilitation method based on virtual reality (VR) technique on early functional recovery and joint function after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods Fifty patients with TKA who underwent joint surgery in our hospital from March 2015 to October 2016 were enrolled in this study. Randomly divided into experimental group (23 cases) and control group (27 cases). The experimental group was treated with virtual reality (VR) rehabilitation exercise. The control group was treated with continuous passive exercise (CPM) after operation. The postoperative VAS pain scores, knee swelling, Joint mobility, knee function score (HSS), Berg balance scale score (BBS), knee proprioceptive sensory score. Results (1) The VAS score and the degree of swelling on the 5th and 7th day after operation were statistically significant between the two groups (P <0.05); (2) After two weeks and six weeks (3) There was significant difference in HSS score between the two groups at postoperative 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 3 months (P <0.05) (4) The BBS scores of the two groups were significantly higher than those of the control group at 1 week, 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 3 months postoperatively (P <0.05). (5) Preoperative and postoperative 1 week There was no significant difference in sensory scores of knee joint between the two groups at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 3 months (P> 0.05). Conclusion Rehabilitation exercise based on virtual reality technology can effectively relieve the postoperative pain and swelling degree of TKA patients and promote the recovery of knee function at the same time. However, there is no obvious advantage to the improvement of knee joint sensation.