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中国已步入老龄化社会,但是与老人出行相关的设施和服务严重不足,老龄交通和保障政策的供给长期滞后,严重影响了老年人的出行和生活质量,亟待从他国的老龄交通政策中吸收营养、提取经验。本文尝试对美国老龄交通政策进行一个全面系统的综述。首先,本文分析了美国老龄交通的基本特征,并简要介绍了与美国老龄交通相关的主要法律、法规。对美国主要老龄交通工具的介绍和评估显示,虽然美国未来的老龄交通工具仍将以私人小汽车为主,但是公共交通的作用不可忽视。其次,本文重点介绍了以辅助公交为代表的美国老龄交通保障措施,透过几个主要案例,探讨了扶持发展辅助公交的各种节流开源的方法。中国国情与美国国情不同,但是,美国在老龄交通政策制定、规划、设计和运营方面的一些经验教训值得中国借鉴。
China has stepped into an aging society. However, the facilities and services related to elderly trips are seriously under-served. The long-term lag in the supply of aging transport and safeguard policies has seriously affected the travel and quality of life of the elderly and is urgently required to be absorbed in other countries’ old-age transport policies Nutrition, extract experience. This article attempts to conduct a comprehensive and systematic review of the U.S. policy on aging transportation. First of all, this paper analyzes the basic characteristics of the US elderly traffic, and briefly introduces the main laws and regulations related to the elderly traffic in the United States. The introduction and assessment of the major US-based vehicles for aging show that while the future of US-bound vehicles for the elderly will still be dominated by private cars, the role of public transport can not be ignored. Secondly, this article focuses on the American old-age traffic protection measures represented by assisting the public transport. Through several major cases, this paper discusses various methods to support the development of auxiliary public transport. China’s national conditions are different from those of the United States. However, some lessons learned by the United States on the formulation, planning, design and operation of aging transportation policies deserve China’s reference.