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目的 了解进口废旧物品中病原微生物污染状况 ,为建立风险分析与评估体系 ,制定科学的卫生除害处理方法提供数据。 方法 参考有关国标方法 ,采用进口显色培养基 ,取样品分别进行沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、致泻大肠埃希氏菌、霍乱弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、霉菌等分离、生化及血清学鉴定。 结果 检测废塑料、废纸、废铝、废铜线、废铜碎料、不锈钢碎废片六类样品共 765份 ,检出沙门氏菌 90株 ,检出率 11 76% ;致泻大肠埃希氏菌 75株 ,检出率 9 80 % ;绿脓杆菌 3 5 4株 ,检出率 46 2 7% ;金黄色葡萄球菌 3 90株 ,检出率 5 0 98% ;溶血性链球菌 45株 ,检出率 5 88% ;蜡样芽胞杆菌 3 72株 ,检出率 48 63 %。志贺氏菌、霍乱弧菌、空肠弯曲菌均未检出。 6类废旧物品中平均菌落总数最高的达 5 10 0 0 0个 /g ,大肠菌群数最高的达 2 40 0 0个 /10 0g ,霉菌数最高的达 3 5 0 0个 /g。 结论 进口 6类废旧物品中病原微生物污染状况比较严重 ,应加强进口废旧物品的卫生检疫、卫生处理和卫生监督等工作。
Objective To understand the status of pathogenic microorganisms in imported waste articles and provide data for establishing a risk analysis and evaluation system and formulating a scientific approach to health and pest elimination. Methods Reference to the national standard method, the use of imported chromogenic medium, samples were taken for Salmonella, Shigella, diarrhea Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Mold separation, biochemical and serological identification. Results A total of 765 samples of six types of waste plastics, waste paper, scrap aluminum, waste copper wire, scrap copper scrap and stainless steel scraps were detected. 90 strains of Salmonella were detected with a detection rate of 11.76% 75 strains of bacteria, the detection rate of 980%; 345 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the detection rate of 46 2 7%; 3 90 Staphylococcus aureus, the detection rate of 5 0 98%; 45 hemolytic streptococcus, The detection rate was 588%. There were 3 72 strains of Bacillus cereus, the detection rate was 48.63%. Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter jejuni were not detected. The average number of colony in the 6 types of waste articles was up to 5 100 000 / g, the highest number of coliforms was 240 000/100 g and the highest number of molds was 3500 / g. Conclusion The import of 6 types of waste articles is seriously polluted by the pathogenic microorganisms. Health and quarantine, sanitation and hygiene supervision of imported waste articles should be strengthened.