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未来机载预警雷达能夠工作的环境,在很多重要方面向设计者提出了若干严酷的问題。这包括需要雷达在陆地的上空工作、探测远距离的很小目标(小于1米~2)以及在有干扰时也能工作。应指出,在未来环境中,影响机载预警雷达工作能力的唯一最重要因素是天线副瓣性能。一般,副瓣性能受安装天线的飞机机身的影响,在整个最佳系统结构确定之前,要同时考虑到气动和电气这两个方面都需要精心设计。一旦天线副瓣性能达到可以允许的水平,而后发现另一个限制是平台运动补偿误差。数字式处理技术的新进展,賦予动目标显示许多优点,但这仅在平台运动被精确补偿时才能实现。本文将讨论影响此性能的各种系统的情况及详述对天线的相应要求。
The environment in which future airborne early warning radars can work presents several serious issues to designers in many important ways. This includes the need for the radar to work over land, to detect small targets (less than 1 to 2 meters) over long distances, and to work in the event of interference. It should be pointed out that in the future environment, the only single most important factor affecting the operational capability of early warning radars on airborne antennas is the performance of antenna sidelobes. In general, the side-lobe performance is affected by the aircraft’s fuselage on which the antenna is mounted. Both the aerodynamic and electrical aspects need to be carefully designed before the best overall system architecture is established. Once the antenna sidelobe performance reached an acceptable level, another limitation was found to be the platform motion compensation error. The new advances in digital processing technology that give moving targets show many advantages, but only if the platform motion is precisely compensated. This article discusses the various systems that affect this performance and details the corresponding requirements for the antenna.