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人类对空间的探索从近地轨道向深空延伸,空间辐射作为载人飞行中不可避免的有害环境因素倍受关注。由于飞往月球的过程中脱离了地球磁场的防护,并且月球表面几乎没有大气层及磁场,所以航天员在登月飞行中所遭遇的空间辐射环境与近地轨道飞行有很大的差异。本文通过分析载人登月与近地轨道空间辐射环境及其对航天员辐射危险的不同,为载人登月项目实施中飞船和登月服工程设计、航天员辐射危险评价及防护措施的制定等提供参考依据。
Human exploration into space extends from near-Earth orbit to deep space, and space radiation has drawn much attention as an unavoidable and harmful environmental factor in manned flights. Due to the protection of the Earth’s magnetic field from flying to the Moon and the almost no atmosphere and magnetic field on the lunar surface, the space radiation environment experienced by astronauts in lunar flight differs greatly from that in near-Earth orbit. Based on the analysis of space radiation environment of manned lunar and near-Earth orbit and its radiation danger to astronauts, this paper presents the radiation hazard assessment and protective measures for manned lunar landing project Provide a reference basis.