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目的了解厦门市2014年常规免疫接种率监测工作情况,评价常规免疫接种率水平并分析原因。方法运用Excel2000进行数据分析,利用比值(R)评价法、估算接种率、差值(D)评价法对厦门市2014年常规免疫报告接种率质量进行评价。结果 2014年常规免疫报表报告完整率及及时率均为100%;2014年厦门市各种疫苗基础免疫、加强免疫报告接种率在98.25%~100.00%,思明区报告的百白破三联疫苗(diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus triple vaccine,DPT)最低,为98.25%(14115/14 366)。加强免疫中,同安区R7值为0.87(6 645/7 608),评价为不可信;其余均为可信或可疑。思明区乙脑疫苗(Japanese encephalitis vaccine,JE)2的估算接种率最高,为111.74%(15 947/14 272);同安区A+C群流脑疫苗(epidemic meningitis vaccine A and C,Men A+C)2的最低,为63.25%(6 638/10 495)。海沧区的Men A+C 1、白破二联疫苗(diphtheria-tatanus bivalent vaccine,DT)1、Men A+C 2的D值分别为16.53%、29.49%、29.99%;湖里区的Men A+C 1、DT 1、Men A+C 2的D值分别为16.65%、23.86%、31.73%;集美区的DT 1、Men A+C 2的D值分别为19.03%、20.74%;同安区的Men A+C 1、脊髓灰质炎疫苗(oral poliomyelitis vaccine,OPV)4、DT 1、Men A+C 2的D值分别为22.18%、20.21%、31.12%、36.64%;翔安区的Men A+C 1、OPV 4、DT 1、Men A+C 2的D值分别为27.79%、15.95%、32.52%、35.86%;均评价为不可信。结论厦门市常规免疫监测工作逐步规范,疫苗报告接种率保持在较高水平,但加强免疫报告接种率可信度低,可能存在虚报,以后要加强培训与管理,加大宣传力度,探索重点人群管理模式。
Objective To understand the status of routine immunization surveillance in Xiamen in 2014, evaluate the level of routine immunization and analyze the causes. Methods The data of Excel2000 were analyzed. The quality of vaccination rate of routine immunization report in Xiamen in 2014 was evaluated by the ratio (R) method, the estimated vaccination rate and the difference (D) method. Results The report rates of complete immunization and timely immunization in 2014 were all 100%. In 2014, the immunization coverage of various vaccines in Xiamen was 98.25% -100.00% diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus triple vaccine, DPT) was the lowest at 98.25% (14115/14 366). In strengthening the immunization, the R7 value of Tongan District was 0.87 (6 645/7 608), which was evaluated as not credible. The rest were credible or suspicious. The estimated inoculation rate of Japanese encephalitis vaccine (JE) 2 in Siming district was the highest (111.74%) (15 947/14 272). The epidemic meningitis vaccine A and C (Men A + C) 2 at a minimum of 63.25% (6 638/10 495). The D values of Men A + C 1, diphtheria-tatanus bivalent vaccine (DT) 1 and Men A + C 2 in Haicang District were 16.53%, 29.49% and 29.99%, respectively; The D values of A + C 1, DT 1 and Men A + C 2 were 16.65%, 23.86% and 31.73%, respectively. The D values of DT 1 and Men A + C 2 in Jimei district were 19.03% and 20.74% The D values of Men A + C 1, OPV 4, DT 1 and Men A + C 2 were 22.18%, 20.21%, 31.12% and 36.64% The D values of Men A + C 1, OPV 4, DT 1 and Men A + C 2 were 27.79%, 15.95%, 32.52% and 35.86%, respectively; Conclusion Conventional immunization surveillance in Xiamen is gradually regulated and the vaccination coverage of vaccines is kept at a high level. However, there is a low credibility in vaccination coverage of immunization reports, there may be false reports, training and management should be strengthened in the future, publicity should be intensified and key populations should be explored Management mode.