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心率变异性(Heart rate variability,HRV)指窦性心律在一定时间内周期性变化的现象。正常窦性心律并不绝对规则,两次心搏之间有微小的时间差别,测出连续出现正常心搏间期之间的变异性,即可了解心率变异性。70年代以来随着电子计算机技术的进步和数字信号处理方法的应用,HRV的研究迅速发展。HRV分析就是分析心率变异性的大小及变化规律。心率的波动受神经、体液因素的调控,为适应不同的生理状态或某些病理状态而作出反应。HRV分析是目前测定心脏自主神经功能状态简便、无创、可定量、重复性强的新方法,在心血管疾病的研究中应用日益广泛。而且HRV与许多疾病(如高血压、糖尿病、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征等)具有较好的相关性,现对HRV分析在相关疾病中的应用进展综述如下。
Heart rate variability (HRV) refers to the phenomenon that sinus rhythm changes periodically over a period of time. Normal sinus rhythm is not an absolute rule, there is a slight difference in time between two beats, and the variability between consecutive normal beats can be measured to understand heart rate variability. Since the 1970s, with the advancement of electronic computer technology and the application of digital signal processing methods, the research of HRV has been rapidly developed. HRV analysis is to analyze the size and variation of heart rate variability. Heart rate fluctuations by nerve, body fluid regulation, to adapt to different physiological states or some pathological conditions and respond. HRV analysis is a new method to determine cardiac functional status of cardiac autonomic nervous system. It is widely used in the research of cardiovascular diseases. And HRV and many diseases (such as hypertension, diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, etc.) have a good correlation, the application of HRV analysis in related diseases are summarized below.