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知识管理系统中将人的认知从低到高划分为数据、信息、知识和智慧这四个层次,这四个层次大体上涵盖了人与外部世界互动过程中人类认知的表现形式。世界银行1988年出版的《世界发展报告》以“知识和发展”为主题,对数据、信息和知识的定义为:数据——经组织的数字、词语、声音、图像;信息——以有意义的形式加以排列和处理的数据;知识——用于生产的有价值的信息。而智慧则是对数据、信息和知识的综合运用能力。科学传播作为一种认知活动,它的内容也无外乎表现为数据、信息、知识和智慧这四个层次中的一种或多种。本文选取国内外少儿科普图书若干为案例,从数据、信息、知识和智慧四个方面对所选取的国内外少儿科普作品进行对比分析,归纳总结国内外作品间的异同,分析我们的缺失,从而提出提高我国少儿科普作品质量建设性的意见和思路。
Knowledge management system divides human cognition from low to high into four levels: data, information, knowledge and wisdom. These four levels generally cover the manifestation of human cognition in the process of interaction between human and the external world. The World Bank’s World Development Report, published in 1988 as “Knowledge and Development”, defines data, information and knowledge as: data - organized numbers, words, sounds, images; information - Data arranged and processed in meaningful forms; Knowledge - Valuable information for production. Wisdom is the integrated use of data, information and knowledge. As a kind of cognitive activity, scientific communication is nothing less than one or more of the four levels of data, information, knowledge and wisdom. This paper selects a number of popular science books at home and abroad as a case study, compares the selected domestic and international children’s popular science works from four aspects of data, information, knowledge and wisdom, sums up the similarities and differences between domestic and foreign works, analyzes our deficiencies Put forward suggestions and ideas to improve the quality of children’s popular science works in our country.