论文部分内容阅读
对海南不同管理水平香草兰种植园土壤理化性状调查分析和土壤pH、水分、地表覆盖盆栽试验的研究结果表明，香草兰栽培要维持高产稳产，在土壤管理中必须达到如下主要条件：（1）香草兰对土壤pH反应极为敏感，最适于生长的土壤pH值为6．5，在pH6．0～7．0范围内生长良好，低于pH5．5和高于pH7．0都抑制其生长，低pH的抑制作用大于高pH，酸性土壤施石灰对生长和养分吸收反应良好；（2）香草兰喜湿而好气，土壤田间持水量直控制在60％左右，不宜低于40％和高于80％，而土壤总孔隙度宜在55％以上，毛管孔隙和通气孔隙比值以80：20为宜，通气孔隙不宜超过总孔隙度的25％；（3）香草兰对地表覆盖反应极明显，高产香草兰要求根层土壤具有较高的有机质含量，粘质土要达到4．0％以上，壤质土达2．5％～3．0％，砂质土达2．0％～2．5％，因此，土壤表层宜常年保持有机物覆盖和重视有机肥施用；（4）香草兰对磷素营养反应敏感，高产园土壤有效磷要达到150mgkg－1土以上才能满足其生长和高产的要求。
The investigation on the soil physical and chemical properties and soil pH of the vanilla plantations in different management levels in Hainan Province and the pot experiments of soil pH, moisture and surface coverage showed that the cultivation of vanilla must maintain high and stable yields, and the following main conditions must be met in soil management: (1) Vanilla is highly sensitive to soil pH, and the optimum soil pH for growth is 6.5, which grows well in the range of pH 6.0-7.0. Its growth is inhibited below pH 5.5 and above pH 7.0 , The inhibition of low pH was greater than that of high pH, and the acid lime soil had a good response to the growth and nutrient uptake. (2) Vanilla was gratifying and humid, and the field capacity of soil was controlled at about 60%, not less than 40% and high At 80%, while the total soil porosity should be above 55%, capillary porosity and aeration ratio to 80:20, aeration porosity should not exceed 25% of the total porosity; (3) , High-yield vanilla required root soil with high organic matter content, clay soil to reach more than 4.0%, loamy soil 2.5% to 3.0%, sandy soil up to 2.0% ~ 2 .5% Therefore, the soil Organic layer should cover all the year round and the importance of organic fertilizer; (4) Phosphate Nutrition vanilla sensitive reaction, yielding more than garden soil available to 150mgkg-1 of soil to meet the requirements of its growth and yield.