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目的检测院内感染革兰阴性杆菌对12种抗生素的耐药率,以指导临床用药.方法采用Etest药敏试验测定260株细菌的耐药性.结果受检的细菌株中耐药率最低是对亚胺培南(10％),头孢哌酮/舒巴坦(7％),派拉西林/他唑巴坦(20％),105株大肠埃希氏菌和克雷伯氏菌属中,超广谱β-内酰胺酶发生率为15％;大肠埃希菌、克雷伯氏菌属、不动杆菌对亚胺培南耐药率为0％,对嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌,对头孢派酮/舒巴坦耐药率5%,派拉西林,亚胺培南,头孢哌酮/舒巴坦对铜绿假单细胞菌的MIC50分别为4、2、4μg/ml.结论院内感染的革兰氏阴性杆菌均有较高的耐药性,合理使用抗生素十分重要.“,”Objective To conduct clinical medication the drug resistance of gramnegative bacilli isolated from nosocomial infection to 12 antihiotics have been investigated.Methods Two hundred and sixth stralns of gram-negative hacilli were tested by Etest sensitivity test. Results The resistanee rates were lowest to imipenem, efoperrazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/azobactam, being 10%,7% and 20% respectively. The occurrence of excell-broad spectrum μ-lactamase was 15% in 105 E.coli and Klebsiella spp isolates. The resistance rate of E.coli klebsiella and acinetobacter against imipenem was 0%. The drug resistance of stenotrophomonas maltophilia to cefoperazona/sulbactam was 5%. MIC50 for piperacillin, imipenem, cefoperazona/sulbactam against pseudomonas aeruginosa were 4, 2 and 4μg/ml. Conclusion Most of gram-negative hacilli in nosocomial ideetions were highly resistant to drugs. It is very important to use antibiotics reasonably for nosocomial infections.