论文部分内容阅读
1991年的诺贝尔文学奖得主、南非女作家南丁·戈迪默对于短篇小说有一个精彩的比喻,她说世界各地的文学发展史上,短篇小说在所有现代文学样式中的地位颇像个不大为父母关爱的孩子,经常被人遗忘却总能健康成长。新世纪以来中国文坛短篇小说的沉浮再次印证了这个说法。当下大多数人,甚至包括部分坚持短篇创作的中国小说家们普遍不看好短篇小说的前景,并对其作出种种式微的描述,这些担忧大约可以化约为如下两种焦虑:其一,由网络写作助推的长篇小说消费热潮培植出的既粗率又偏重猎奇的阅读趣味让偏于精细与个性的短篇小说有被淹没的风险。2011年10月17日《人民日报》报道,我国“仅2010年,小说类新书数量就有4300多部,首次发表和出版的长篇小说2000余部,长篇小说总量达到前所未有的3000余部,是世界上产量最高的国家。”“世界第一”的华丽数据背后是全媒体时代小说生产与传播系统迥异于上世纪八九十年代的转向与新变。在畅销文学市场上,无论是网络转化为纸媒出版的玄幻、盗墓、穿越等新类型小说家,还是郭敬明、张悦然等80后健将,他们踏入文坛都是以长篇小说做开路力斧。与前辈作家们先要经历中短篇小说的积累再图谋长篇写作的路数截然不同。其二,纯文学作家经典化的焦虑,依然有不少作家把创作一部可以留世的长篇作为孜孜以求的高标,甚至
Nadine Gordimer, a Nobel Prize winner in literature in 1991 and a woman writer in South Africa, has a wonderful metaphor for short stories. She said that in the history of literature in various parts of the world, short stories are quite similar in all modern literary styles Children who are greatly loved by their parents are often forgotten but grow up healthily. The ups and downs of Chinese literary short stories since the new century once again confirm this. Most contemporary people, even some Chinese novelists who insist on short stories, generally do not like the prospect of the short stories and make various descriptions of them. These worries can be reduced to the following two kinds of anxieties: First, Writing boosted the consumption boom of novels to cultivate a sense of both crude and adventurous reading interest so deviate from the subtlety and personality of the short story has been submerged risk. On October 17, 2011, “People’s Daily” reported that in China alone “there were more than 4,300 novel books in novels in 2010, and more than 2,000 novelists were first published and published. As a result, the total number of novels has reached an unprecedented 3,000, The country with the highest output in the world is behind the ornate data of the ”No. 1" in the world in that the system of production and dissemination of fiction in the era of the all media is quite different from that of the 1980s and 1990s. In the best-selling literature market, no matter whether the network is transformed into a novel published by paper media such as fantasy, tomb robbery, new type of novelist crossing through, or Geng Jingming, Zhang Yueran and other 80th generation generals, they entered the literary arena with novel novels. And predecessors, writers who have to go through the accumulation of short stories and then plot a long way to writing a completely different approach. Second, there are still many writers who try to create a long story that can be left in the world as a high standard of diligently pursuing the classic anxiety.