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目的:描述昆山市2001～2009年9年间低出生体重(LBW)发生率,分析产妇及胎儿特征对低出生体重的影响。方法:利用昆山市《围产保健监测系统》研究33 631对产妇与胎儿,使用单因素与多因素无序多分类Logistic回归分析来估计各因素对出生体重的影响。结果:LBW发生率为1.86%。产妇超重肥胖、有人工流产史、男性胎儿可减小LBW发生风险。产妇体质指数偏低、初产妇、习惯性流产史可增加LBW发生风险。按照体质指数(BMI)分层,相对于LBW,BMI偏低组,高水平的孕期体重变化均可减小LBW胎儿发生风险。BMI正常组,高水平的孕期体重变化可减小LBW胎儿发生风险。没有发现在超重与肥胖组产妇孕期体重变化与分娩LBW胎儿之间存在统计学关联。结论:LBW发生率为1.86%,产妇与胎儿特征综合影响LBW。体重偏低与正常人群中,高水平的孕期体重变化可减小LBW发生风险。
Objective: To describe the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) in Kunshan from 2001 to 2009 and analyze the influence of maternal and fetal characteristics on low birth weight. Methods: Using the “Perinatal Health Monitoring System” in Kunshan City, 33 631 maternal and fetal studies were conducted to investigate the impact of various factors on birth weight using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The incidence of LBW was 1.86%. Maternal overweight and obese, abortion history, male fetus can reduce the risk of LBW. Maternal body mass index is low, primipara, habitual abortion history can increase the risk of LBW. Stratified by body mass index (BMI), relative to LBW, low BMI group, high levels of weight changes during pregnancy can reduce the risk of LBW fetus. BMI normal group, high levels of weight changes during pregnancy can reduce the risk of fetal LBW. No statistical association was found between changes in weight during pregnancy and LBW fetuses during labor in overweight and obesity groups. Conclusions: The incidence of LBW was 1.86%. Maternal and fetal characteristics had a combined effect on LBW. Low body weight and normal population, high levels of pregnancy weight changes can reduce the risk of LBW.