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目的探讨血清microRNA差异表达在儿童哮喘诊断中的临床应用。方法收集2014年1月至2015年1月期间20例(轻度发作12例,重度发作8例)确诊为哮喘患儿作为病例组,同期收集健康儿童20例作为正常组,采集静脉血液标本,提取血清microRNA,芯片联合生物信息学分析microRNA,选取差异表达倍数≥3的microRNA与靶向microRNA,分析其与儿童哮喘病情程度的关系。结果病例组和正常组比较中,有82种microRNA呈3倍及其以上差异表达,其中上调表达30种,占36.59%,下调表达52种,占63.41%。经定量PCR检测验证,microRNA3688-3p、microRNA 223-5p、microRNA 1285-3p、microRNA H9-3p和microRNA BART17-3p等5种microRNA的相对表达水平在不同病情程度儿童哮喘比较中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),microRNA 206、microRNA 3620在儿童哮喘中表达显著下调,重度发作相对表达量显著低于轻度发作(P<0.001)。结论血清microRNA 206、microRNA 3620与儿童哮喘病理过程显著相关,其差异性表达为儿童哮喘诊断提供临床指导意义。
Objective To investigate the clinical application of serum microRNA differential expression in the diagnosis of childhood asthma. Methods Twenty patients (12 mild attacks and 8 severe attacks) diagnosed as asthma from January 2014 to January 2015 were selected as the case group and 20 healthy children were collected as the normal group. Venous blood samples were collected from January 2014 to January 2015, Serum microRNAs were extracted and microRNAs were analyzed by microarray combined with bioinformatics analysis. MicroRNAs with different expression multiple of 3 and targeted microRNAs were selected to analyze their relationship with the severity of asthma in children. Results Compared with the normal group, there were 82 microRNAs that were differentially expressed at 3-fold or more, of which 30 were up-regulated, accounting for 36.59%, and down-regulated 52 were 63.41%. The results of quantitative PCR showed that the relative expression levels of microRNA3688-3p, microRNA 223-5p, microRNA 1285-3p, microRNA H9-3p and microRNA BART17-3p were not significantly different in children with different severity of asthma (P> 0.05). The expression of microRNA 206 and microRNA 3620 in children with asthma was significantly down-regulated while the relative expression of severe attacks was significantly lower than that of mild attacks (P <0.001). Conclusion Serum microRNA 206 and microRNA 3620 are significantly associated with the pathological process of asthma in children. The differential expression of them provides clinical guidance for the diagnosis of childhood asthma.