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1 前言由于柴油机和汽油机相比燃油经济性好,被广泛地用作汽车、工程机械的动力。目前,不仅用于大、中型汽车,而也用于轿车。但是,柴油机排放中的微粒浓度比汽油机高出几十倍。柴油机的大量使用,其排出的微粒物质对环境,特别是对车辆密集的城市环境造成了严重的污染,危害着人们的身体健康,引起了各国公众与政府的关注。从八十年代开始,美国、瑞士先后制定了限制柴油机微粒排放量的法规,并且要求越来越
1 Foreword Diesel engines and gasoline engines are widely used as a driving force for automobiles and construction machinery because they have better fuel economy. At present, not only for large and medium-sized cars, but also for cars. However, the concentration of particulates in diesel emissions is several tens of times higher than gasoline engines. Due to the heavy use of diesel engine, the particulate matter emitted from it has caused serious pollution to the environment, especially to the dense urban environment of vehicles, endangering people’s health and attracting the public and government’s attention in various countries. Since the 1980s, the United States and Switzerland have successively enacted laws and regulations restricting the emission of diesel particulates, and have increasingly requested