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2219铝合金经过焊接后出现了严重的软化,为了阐明焊后软化对焊接残余应力计算精度的影响,采用热-弹-塑性有限元计算方法模拟了2219铝合金平板变极性惰性气体保护对接单道焊时的温度场和应力场,并考虑了加工硬化和退火效应的影响。结果表明:软化现象对焊接残余应力的计算结果有显著影响,不考虑焊后软化时会高估焊缝区及其附近的残余应力水平。通过对比计算结果与实验测量结果可知,综合考虑加工硬化、退火效应及接头软化的情况下,数值模拟结果与实测结果吻合较好,说明该数值模拟方法具有较高的计算精度。
In order to clarify the influence of postweld softening on the calculation accuracy of welding residual stress, the thermo-elastic-plastic finite element method was used to simulate 2219 aluminum alloy plate with variable polarity inert gas protection butt Temperature and stress fields during single pass welding, with the effects of work hardening and annealing effects considered. The results show that the softening phenomenon has a significant influence on the calculation results of welding residual stress, and the residual stress level in the weld zone and its vicinity will be overestimated irrespective of softening. By comparing the calculation results with the experimental results, it can be seen that the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the measured results when considering the work hardening, annealing effect and softening of the joints, which shows that the numerical simulation method has higher calculation accuracy.