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[目的]通过对药用野生稻-栽培稻异源单体附加系MAAL8进行花药培养及其与栽培稻H1493回交,研究异源单体附加系的遗传特征。[方法]采用表型分析研究了后代分离比例,并采用SSR和甲基化分析研究了异源染色体的传递行为。[结果]在145个回交后代植株中有78株保留了MAAL8的卷叶标记性状,在32株花培植株中有5株为正常卷叶,2株为极端卷叶,其余为平叶植株。用14对SSR标记进行分析显示,在所有卷叶植株中可得到药稻特征带型,而在平叶植株中都没有。用11个多态性RFLP标记进行Methylation-Sensitative Southern分析显示,有8个在AA和CC基因组之间的甲基化变异方式是不同的。[结论]MAAL8的异源染色体可经过减数分裂完整独立地传递给后代,并保持表型特征不变,且药稻的甲基化方式随着单条染色体的附加可在杂种后代中稳定遗传,甲基化的稳定性可能对异源染色体在栽培稻基因组环境中的相对独立遗传有一定作用。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the genetic characteristics of the heterologous monomer addition lines by anther culture of the wild rice-cultivated rice heterologous monomer MAAL8 and its backcross with the cultivated rice H1493. [Method] The percentage of offspring segregation was studied by phenotypic analysis, and the transmission of heterologous chromosomes was studied by SSR and methylation analysis. [Result] Among the 145 backcross progeny plants, 78 plants retained the flag leaf traits of MAAL8. Among the 32 plantlets, 5 were normal involute leaves, 2 were extreme involute leaves and the rest were flat leaf plants . Analysis with 14 pairs of SSR markers showed that the characteristic bands of rice plants were obtained in all leaf-roll plants, but not in flat-leaf plants. Methylation-Sensitative Southern analysis using 11 polymorphic RFLP markers showed that there were 8 different patterns of methylation variation between the AA and CC genomes. [Conclusion] The heterologous chromosomes of MAAL8 can be passed independently and completely to the offspring through meiosis and keep the phenotypic characteristics unchanged. And the methylation pattern of the maize rice can be inherited stably in the hybrid offspring with the addition of a single chromosome, The stability of methylation may have a role in the relative independent inheritance of heterologous chromosomes in the genomic environment of cultivated rice.