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将１００例癌痛和术后疼痛病人随机分为三组。Ｍ组４０例，硬膜外腔注入吗啡４ｍｇ；Ｔ组４０例，硬膜外腔注入曲马多５０ｍｍ；Ｓ组２０例，硬膜外腔注入５％高渗盐水５ｍｌ。观察结果，三种药物均能产生显著的镇痛效果，有效时间吗啡最长，平均为１８．６±８．３ｈ，曲马多其次，为１４．９±６．６ｈ，高渗盐水最短，为７．５±０．７ｈ。吗啡对血流动力学有明显的抑制性影响，收缩压，平均压和心率显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）对呼吸有抑制作用，潮气量每分通气量明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）。曲马多只有轻度的循环抑制作用，但没有呼吸抑制作用。高渗盐水组未见明显的副作用。本组观察的用意在于针对不同的病情选用不同的药物，以达到足够长的镇痛效果，又尽量避免药物的副作用。
100 cases of cancer pain and postoperative pain were randomly divided into three groups. M group 40 cases, epidural morphine injection 4mg; T group 40 cases, epidural tramadol injection 50mm; S group 20 cases, epidural injection of 5% hypertonic saline 5ml. Observations, the three drugs can produce significant analgesic effect, the longest effective time morphine, with an average of 18.6 ± 8.3h, tramadol followed by 14.9 ± 6.6h, the shortest hypertonic saline, 7.5 ± 0.7 h. Morphine had a significant inhibitory effect on hemodynamics, systolic blood pressure, mean pressure and heart rate decreased significantly (P <0.05 ~ 0.01) on the respiratory inhibition, the amount of ventilation per tidal volume decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Tramadol only mild circulation inhibition, but no respiratory depression. No significant side effects were observed in the hypertonic saline group. The observation of this group is intended to select different drugs for different conditions in order to achieve long enough analgesic effect, but also try to avoid the side effects of drugs.