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康熙二十三年开海禁后,民间海外贸易就在闽粤江浙四海关的管理下进行。海关作为清朝海外贸易政策的执行工具,对于民间海外贸易的发展有着直接的影响。一、口岸的管理清朝管理海外贸易的四海关,各自都有一个海关网络系统。每个系统都由总部及众多口岸组成。而总部的设置地点,体现了该省海外贸易的重心所在。因此有必要弄清这一问题。四海关总部最初究竟设在哪里?据研究,粤海关监督驻广州外城五仙门,澳门有“监督
Kangxi 23 years after the opening of the sea, private overseas trade in Fujian and Zhejiang under the control of the four customs. As an enforcement tool of the Qing foreign trade policy, the customs have a direct impact on the development of non-governmental overseas trade. First, the port management Qinghai four administration of overseas trade, each has a customs network system. Each system consists of headquarters and numerous ports. The headquarters location, reflecting the province’s overseas trade center of gravity. It is therefore necessary to understand this issue. Four customs headquarters initially located where? According to the study, the Guangdong Customs Superintendent of Guangzhou in five cents outside the door, Macau has ”supervision