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葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G6P)催化葡萄糖-6-磷酸水解成葡萄糖与无机磷酸盐。它是一种结合膜蛋白系统,在内质网构成的多成份系统,包括葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶催化亚基(G6PC)和G6P转运蛋白,无机磷酸盐和葡萄糖。G6PC基因家族包括3个成员,G6PC、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶催化亚基-2(G6PC2)和葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶催化亚基3(G6PC3)。这些基因在不同组织特异性的表达模式和突变与人类不同的疾病相关联。G6PC2属于G6PC家族蛋白,G6PC2过度表达能增加G6P的活性。其可能抑制参与葡萄糖利用和葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌的葡萄糖激酶活性。此外,在几种糖尿病动物模型中胰岛G6PC2活性增加。本文主要介绍G6PC2基因多态性与血糖调节及糖尿病的联系和转录调节以及编码蛋白的生物学功能。
Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose and inorganic phosphates. It is a multi-component system that combines membrane protein systems in the endoplasmic reticulum and includes the G6PC and G6P transporters, inorganic phosphates and glucose. The G6PC gene family includes 3 members, G6PC, G6PC2 and G6PC3. The expression patterns and mutations of these genes in different tissues are associated with different human diseases. G6PC2 belongs to the G6PC family of proteins, G6PC2 overexpression can increase the activity of G6P. It may inhibit glucokinase activity involved in glucose utilization and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In addition, islet G6PC2 activity is increased in several diabetic animal models. This article mainly introduces the G6PC2 gene polymorphism and blood glucose regulation and diabetes, contact and transcriptional regulation and the biological function of the encoded protein.