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目的:了解华东两市新生儿房间隔缺损(ASD)和室间隔缺损(VSD)患儿的检出情况及其影响因素,为新生儿ASD和VSD的预防、诊治和监测提供科学依据。方法:以2013-09至2014-11期间两市各调查点连续出生的孕满28周的2 100例活产新生儿及其父母作为调查对象,在新生儿出生后0~7天内进行问卷调查和彩色多普勒超声心动图检查,收集ASD和VSD患儿及其父母的相关临床资料。结果:共筛查4 152例新生儿,其中男婴2 189例(52.72%),胎龄为(39.18±1.48)周,产妇年龄为(26.54±4.36)岁。新生儿ASD和VSD检出率分别为60.5‰和12.8‰,且不同性别新生儿ASD和VSD检出率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析发现产妇孕前体重指数和家居装修是新生儿ASD的影响因素,而产妇孕早期服药是新生儿VSD的影响因素。结论:华东两市新生儿ASD和VSD检出率较高,应采取针对性的综合干预措施,加强新生儿ASD和VSD的早期筛查,降低新生儿ASD和VSD的发生和改善预后。
Objective: To investigate the detection and influencing factors of neonatal atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) in East China and provide a scientific basis for the prevention, treatment and monitoring of neonatal ASD and VSD. METHODS: A total of 2 100 live born newborns and their parents, who were born continuously at 28 weeks of pregnancy in all survey sites in the two cities from September 2013 to 2014-11, were surveyed. The newborns were surveyed within 0 ~ 7 days after birth And color Doppler echocardiography to collect relevant clinical data of children with ASD and VSD and their parents. Results: A total of 4 152 newborns were screened. Among them, 2 189 (52.72%) were male infants, (39.18 ± 1.48) weeks gestational age and (26.54 ± 4.36) years old. The detection rates of ASD and VSD in neonates were 60.5 ‰ and 12.8 ‰, respectively. There was no significant difference in the detection rates of ASD and VSD between different sexes (P> 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and home improvement were the influencing factors of neonatal ASD, and maternal early pregnancy medication was the influencing factor of neonate VSD. Conclusion: The detection rates of ASD and VSD in newborns in East China are higher. Comprehensive and targeted interventions should be taken to improve early screening of neonatal ASD and VSD, reduce the incidence of ASD and VSD, and improve prognosis.