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目的 探讨再生室中神经再生过程、微环境成份及作用。方法 取SD大鼠 70只 ,坐骨神经于股中部切断 ,用硅胶管套接 ,神经断端间间距 10mm。于术后 3d ,1、2、3、4、5、6周取材 ,将 10mm再生段由近向远分为S1,S2 ,S3 ,S4 ,S5,共 5段 ,每段 2mm ,行组织学和电镜观察。结果 术后 3d ,再生室充满棕黄色浑浊液体。术后 1周 ,再生室中央形成条带状连接 ,巨嗜细胞迁移至S3 会合。术后 2周成纤维细胞、雪旺细胞、内皮细胞迁移到S3 会合。有髓神经纤维长入S1,无髓神经纤维长入S3 。术后 3周无髓纤维通过再生室 ,有髓纤维长入S3 。术后 4周有髓纤维通过再生室聚集成束。术后 5、6周神经纤维数量增多 ,髓鞘增厚 ,束膜形成。结论 再生室中神经再生过程可分为 :(1)液体充盈期 (1周内 )。 (2 )纤维连接期 (1～ 2周 )。 (3 )神经连接期 (2～ 4周 )。 (4)神经成熟期 (术后 4周以上 )。神经再生室微环境包括再生条件液、纤维基质带和巨嗜细胞、成纤维细胞、雪旺细胞、内皮细胞等成份。
Objective To explore the regeneration process of nerve regeneration chamber, microenvironment composition and role. Methods Seventy SD rats were obtained. The sciatic nerve was cut off in the middle of the femoral head and sutured with silicone tube. The distance between the nerve ends was 10 mm. After 3 days, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks after operation, the 10mm reconstruction section was divided into 5 segments S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5, And electron microscopy. Results The postoperative 3d, the regeneration chamber filled with brownish cloudy liquid. One week after the operation, a ribbon-like connection was formed in the center of the regeneration chamber, and macrophages migrated to the S3 junction. After 2 weeks fibroblasts, Schwann cells, endothelial cells migrate to the S3 union. Myelinated fibers grow into S1, unmyelinated fibers grow into S3. Non-myelinated fibers passed through the regeneration chamber 3 weeks after operation and myelinated fibers grew into S3. Four weeks after operation, the myelinated fibers gathered into a bundle through the regeneration chamber. 5,6 weeks after the increase in the number of nerve fibers, myelin thickening, beam formation. Conclusion The regeneration process of nerve regeneration can be divided into: (1) liquid filling period (within 1 week). (2) fiber connection (1 to 2 weeks). (3) neural connection (2 to 4 weeks). (4) nerve maturity (more than 4 weeks after surgery). Nerve regeneration chamber microenvironment includes regeneration condition fluid, fibrous stroma and macrophages, fibroblasts, Schwann cells, endothelial cells and other ingredients.