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随着再灌注技术(包括急诊介入及溶栓治疗)的不断优化,急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)的病死率整体呈现下降的趋势.然而,总缺血时间下降至一定程度后,AMI的病死率却进入了一个平台期.相关研究发现,再灌注损伤是导致心肌细胞进一步损伤、凋亡和坏死的重要机制,也是心肌微循环障碍、再灌注心律失常、心功能恶化等并发症持续高发的首要原因.为了进一步降低AMI病死率及并发症的发生率,需另辟蹊径,AMI的心肌保护正成为国内外研究的焦点.“,”It appears a descending tendency of the acute myocardial infarction (AMI)\'s mortality with optimizing refusion technique including primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and thrombolysis therapy.However,it seems to reach a plateau in terms of the AMI\'s mortality when total ischemia time descends to a certain extent.It has been reported that reperfusion injury is the major mechanism of the subsequent myocardial injury,apoptosis and necrosis,which is responsible for high incidence of complications such as myocardial microcirculation dysfunction,reperfusion arrhythmia and deterioration of cardiac function.For further reducing the mortality of AMI and the incidence of its complications,cardioprotection of AMI patients is becoming a research hotspot worldwide.This article will briefly introduce the update about the cardioprotection of AMI these years.