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中国之逻辑与希腊之逻辑起源各异,可以遥相对应吗?《墨子·小取》此一节文字是一个明白的例证。这一小节中包蕴了逻辑学直接推论的基本法则,于此可以窥见先秦时代中国逻辑学与希腊逻辑相对应且各具特色的一端。一些学者盛推《小取》篇为中国逻辑学宝藏,但对于这一节文字的译解还不够完整,还留存着疑义误解。例如,最通行的译解是:“就是说,必需遍爱一切人才算爱人,但是不必需遍不爱一切人才算不爱人。这与乘马不同。不必需骑一切马才算骑马,但是必需不骑一切马才算不骑马。这就是爱人的‘周’与乘马的‘不周’的不同。”按:“爱人的‘周’与乘马的‘不
Can the logic of China and the logic of Greece have different origins and correspond to each other? The text of this section of “Mozi Xiaochu” is a clear example. This section contains the basic rules of direct inference of logic, from which we can get a glimpse of the corresponding and distinctive end of Chinese logic in the pre-Qin era and the Greek logic. Some scholars hold that “Little Take” is a treasure trove of Chinese logic, but the translation of this passage is not complete enough, and misunderstandings still exist. For example, the most common translation is: “That is to say, it is necessary to love all human beings as lovers, but it is not necessary to love all human beings without love, which is different from riding a horse. This is the difference between a lover’s ’week’ and a horse’s ’discontent.’ ”By:" lover’s week and riding a horse’s not