类风湿性关节炎的发生发展与树突状细胞的关系研究进展

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类风湿性关节炎主要表现为进行性关节破坏和滑膜组织异常增生[1],其发病机制主要是细胞免疫反应,随着研究的深入,人们逐渐发现了树实状细胞(DC )与类风湿性关节炎的发生发展的关系。R 。 Thomas等[2]首先在发现类风湿性关节炎滑液和滑膜组织中含有丰富的DC ,与正常外周血DC相比,滑液DC特异性刺激自身外周血T 细胞的能力增强, DC的存在部位与类风湿性关节炎炎症病变部位非常一致,在类风湿性关节炎炎症病变较重的部位,DC的数量也较多,从形态学方面证实了DC与类风湿性关节炎的炎症活动情况有关;进一步的研究发现,DC是目前发现的功能最强大的抗原递呈细胞,也是唯一能够激活初始T细胞的专职抗原递呈细胞,因此DC的性质和功能状态直接影响 T 细胞的活化和分化方向,它的活性状态、数量可影响到免疫应答过程,故参与类风湿性关节炎的发生及发展。
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