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2010~2012年在吉林省中部地区(公主岭)和西部地区(白城)通过田间试验,研究追施氮肥方式对不同类型土壤玉米产量、养分吸收和利用的影响。结果表明,与一次性基施氮肥处理相比,2次追施氮肥处理和3次追施氮肥处理均显著的提高玉米产量,公主岭试验点提高幅度为5.4%~12.0%,白城试验点提高幅度为5.2%~10.0%。在不同追肥方式中,垄沟追施氮肥处理玉米产量均高于垅侧追施氮肥处理,提高幅度为1.4%~2.0%。适宜的氮肥追施方式可以提高玉米养分吸收总量和氮肥农学利用率、氮肥当季回收率、氮肥偏生产力等指标,与一次性基施氮肥处理相比,2次追施氮肥处理和3次追施氮肥处理上述指标均有显著提高,其中公主岭试验点以N(2∶1∶2A)两次垄沟追氮处理最高,白城试验点分别以N(2∶1∶1∶1A)3次垄沟追氮处理最高,2次追施氮肥处理与3次追施氮肥处理间差异不显著。
Field experiments were conducted in central Jilin Province (Gongzhuling) and western regions (Baicheng) from 2010 to 2012 to study the effects of topdressing nitrogenous fertilizer on yield and nutrient uptake and utilization of maize in different soil types. The results showed that compared with the one-time basal application of nitrogen fertilizer, the two top-dressing nitrogen treatments and the three top-dressing nitrogen treatments significantly increased the yield of maize, the improvement rate of Gongzhuling was 5.4% ~ 12.0%, and the improvement of Baicheng Is 5.2% ~ 10.0%. In different ways of top dressing, the yield of corn topdressing nitrogen fertilizer in furrows was higher than that of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer on the side of furrow top, the increasing range was 1.4% ~ 2.0%. Appropriate nitrogen fertilizer can improve the total amount of nutrient absorption of maize and agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, seasonal recovery of nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity and other indicators, compared with the one-time base nitrogen fertilizer treatment, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer 2 times and 3 times Topdressing nitrogen fertilizer treatment above indicators were significantly improved, which Gongzhuling test point to N (2: 1: 2A) two furrows the highest nitrogen treatment, Baicheng test points were N (2: 1: 1: 1A) Nitrogen treatment highest, 2 times topdressing nitrogen fertilizer and 3 times topdressing nitrogen fertilizer difference was not significant.